Notícias (Armadas/Sistemas de Armas)

  • 1032 Respostas
  • 500468 Visualizações
*

João Oliveira Silva

  • Membro
  • *
  • 195
  • +1/-0
(sem assunto)
« Responder #405 em: Março 18, 2009, 09:24:45 pm »
Citar
Es usted un cachondo.....

Bom, tal como eu esperava descemos ao nível a que alguém deve estar...
A Sra. chega a este fórum há menos de 2 meses e já vai com cerca de 120 posts e, pasme-se, nada valorizou o fórum.
Em tantos posts aproveitou apenas para dizer mal e muito dos portugueses, tal como o fez no tópico do NPO2000, designadamente dos ENVC e até já ao tópico da força aérea foi meter umas alfinetadas, óbviamente a deitar abaixo.
Já levou algumas e mais levará se persistir.
A arrogância não se recomenda.
Como alguem muito bem disse noutro tópico:

Citar
Maria

Se o estado português investisse nos transportes navais como o espanhol, trabalho nunca faltaria aos ENVC... aliás, não tem faltado, por alguma razão será.
Quem são os principais clientes desses estaleiros? Good question, não?
Já agora, não me arranja emprego aí, já que estão tão bem de saúde?

Mas como estamos em off topic, podiamos combinar um dia e dava um salto ao lado de cá do ribeiro pra discutir o estado da construção naval galega e ainda sou gajo pra pagar "unhas cañas"!!

Cumprimentos e passe muito bem,
João Oliveira Silva
 

*

MARIA JOSE

  • Membro
  • *
  • 155
  • +0/-0
(sem assunto)
« Responder #406 em: Março 19, 2009, 09:51:29 am »
Como ya le han dicho y parece que usted no se entera, la unica inversion del estado español es, en buques de guerra.
Hay otros estados que si compran
Noruega
Malasya
 Chile
Venezuela
Australia

Y por que nos compran? por que hay tecnologia y calidad militar.
 

*

Cabeça de Martelo

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 23279
  • Recebeu: 4233 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 2997 vez(es)
  • +3089/-4562
(sem assunto)
« Responder #407 em: Março 19, 2009, 11:06:26 am »
Se analisarmos de uma forma racional a questão, veremos que neste momento a Marinha está equipada para os próximos 15 anos. Depois logo se verá.
Contra a Esquerda woke e a Direita populista marchar, marchar!...

 

*

Cabeça de Martelo

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 23279
  • Recebeu: 4233 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 2997 vez(es)
  • +3089/-4562
(sem assunto)
« Responder #408 em: Março 25, 2009, 01:04:43 pm »
Citar
Artigo do Comandante Silva Paulo Publicado na revista Connnections

RESUMO:

O senso-comum diz que o processo de integração europeia não se estende ao sector da defesa, porque ele é um dos pilares da soberania e os estados procuram mantê-lo mesmo que isso acarrete custos elevados. Na prática, preocupações de natureza económica, como o crescimento e o desemprego, têm levado os governos a aceitar partilhar a sua soberania, ou até a trocá-la, se isso ajudar a economia - e as possibilidades eleitorais. O Eurocorps, a Eurofor, a OCCAR e os EU Battlegroups são a prova de que a cooperação na defesa é forte na UE e que se atingiu um certo nível de integração na defesa europeia, embora ainda insuficiente para apoiar as ambições declaradas de intervenção na política mundial.

Este artigo revê brevemente a história da integração europeia no sector da defesa, analisa a importância dos constrangimentos da economia da defesa nas ambições políticas europeias e conclui que a integração no sector da defesa está a progredir e é essencial para a UE desenvolver o poder de que necessita para intervir na política mundial, como declara desejar. Esta conclusão concorda com a história do processo de integração europeia, que mostra em abundância que a baixa política e a economia são os principais motores que permitem alcançar os objectivos de alta política no longo prazo.

Se quiser ler o artigo poderá fazê-lo através do seguinte link:
 
https://consortium.pims.org/filestore2/ ... Sector.pdf


 :arrow: http://www.marinha.pt/Marinha/PT/Menu/N ... +paulo.htm
Contra a Esquerda woke e a Direita populista marchar, marchar!...

 

*

P44

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 20851
  • Recebeu: 7019 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 8027 vez(es)
  • +8126/-13004
(sem assunto)
« Responder #409 em: Abril 17, 2009, 11:52:04 am »
RAF a tentar lixar a Royal Navy

Citar
NAVY READY FOR BATTLE OVER RAF BID TO DROP CARRIERS
Story Image


HOTTING UP: Navy ready to fight RAF bid

Sunday April 12,2009
By Tracey Boles

SENIOR members of the RAF are on a collision course with the Royal Navy after privately proposing that the Ministry of Defence drop one of its two planned aircraft carriers in a bid to balance the books.


Other RAF money-saving ideas are believed to include cancelling both carriers, and retiring the Harrier early.

The two carriers ordered under the Queen Elizabeth-class CVF programme are projected to cost £4 billion. They will carry 66 state-of-the-art fighter jets made by America’s Lockheed Martin called Joint Strike Fighters (JSF), and form the backbone of the future Navy.

The MoD is under pressure to find cost savings as it grapples with a funding deficit of £2 billion a year. However, cancelling a ship could cost up to £2 billion because all parts have already been ordered. The powerful warships, due to enter service later this decade, are also expected to sustain or create 10,000 jobs.

A senior industry source said: “There is a tussle going on between the RAF and Navy. They are positioning ahead of any change in Government.”

An MoD spokesperson said: “As part of a regular planning round decisions are being considered on a range of measures. Announcements will be made in due course.”


http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/946 ... p-carriers
"[Os portugueses são]um povo tão dócil e tão bem amestrado que até merecia estar no Jardim Zoológico"
-Dom Januário Torgal Ferreira, Bispo das Forças Armadas
 

*

luis filipe silva

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 2049
  • Recebeu: 6 vez(es)
  • +1/-1
(sem assunto)
« Responder #410 em: Abril 17, 2009, 02:26:21 pm »
O que prova mais uma vez, que se defendem os tachos e as capelinhas,  em vez dos interesses dos países. :evil:
-----------------------------
saudações:
Luis Filipe Silva
 

*

Instrutor

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 1309
  • Recebeu: 3 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 1 vez(es)
  • +0/-1
(sem assunto)
« Responder #411 em: Abril 17, 2009, 03:42:45 pm »
http://www.marinha.pt/Marinha/PT/Menu/N ... inex09.htm

Mais um Exercício em que a Marinha dignificou o País. :wink:
"Aqui na Lusitanea existe um povo que não se governa nem se deixa governar" voz corrente entre os Romanos do Séc. I a.C
 

*

P44

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 20851
  • Recebeu: 7019 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 8027 vez(es)
  • +8126/-13004
(sem assunto)
« Responder #412 em: Abril 18, 2009, 04:09:18 pm »
confirmado TERCEIRO Mistral

Citar
Recovery Plan: Order Placed for Third Projection and Command Vessel


   
   
(Source: DCNS; issued April 16, 2009)
 


The newly-ordered third Mistral-class amphibious warfare ship will begin its sea trials in May 2011, and is due to be commissioned into service in 2012. (French navy photo)

As part of the [French] Government’s [economic] recovery plan, STX France and DCNS have been awarded the contract to build the French Navy’s third Projection and Command Vessel (BPC) for the French Navy.

Work on the third BPC was launched today in Saint-Nazaire by Hervé Morin, the Defence Minister and Patrick Devedjian, Minister in charge of implementing the recovery plan.

In line with the recovery plan initiated by the Government in order to face up to the challenges of the world economic crisis, the order of the third Projection and Command Vessel called for the creation of a tailor-made industrial organizational structure in order to achieve the budgetary objective fixed by the state. It therefore not only meets the operational objectives of every new ship ordered by the government but also the specific economic objectives of the recovery plan.

With this in mind, it taps into the respective skills of STX France and DCNS. STX France, the prime contractor for the project, will build the platform and fit-out the ship and DCNS, its co-contractor, will produce its combat system.

Due to the extremely tight economic constraints that characterize this project, the ship will be built solely on the Saint-Nazaire site. In fact, the sharing of the construction of the platform between two production sites would have generated additional costs - in particular for transport, interfacing and tests - which would have made it impossible to meet the budgetary target fixed by the Government.

STX France, in charge of the overall coordination of the project for the industrial part, will build the whole of the propelled platform including the fitting out of equipment onboard. This represents 75% of the vessel value. Once trials are completed, BPC 3 will move to Toulon under its own power.

DCNS will manufacture and integrate the combat system, which includes communications, navigation and combat management systems. The tasks involved in its production demand high value added skill levels, in order to enable the BPC to conduct its operational missions, and represent a quarter of the overall cost of the ship.

199 metres in length, with a displacement of 21,000 tons and a speed of 19 knots, the BPCs are distinguished by their large carrying capacity: 450 troops, 16 heavy-lift helicopters, 2 hovercraft, 4 LCMs (landing craft) or a third of a mechanized regiment (1,000 tons), which they are able to deploy worldwide. They are equipped with electric pod propulsion and their high level of automation enables the size of their crew to be reduced to 160. They also boast an on-board hospital for large-scale humanitarian missions. Their particularly advanced communications system, 3D surveillance radar and combat management system (Senit 9) make them ideal platforms for commanding a naval task force.

The first two BPCs, Mistral and Tonnere, built by DCNS and Chantiers de l'Atlantique, were delivered in 2006 and 2007.

A few words about the partners:

STX Europe ASA (former Aker Yards ASA) is an international shipbuilding group which aims to be the leading builder of cruise and offshore vessels. The group has a strong position in terms of developing state-of-the-art concepts, technology, processes and products for customers around the world. STX Europe ASA comprises 15 shipyards in Finland, France, Norway, Romania, Brazil and Vietnam, and is also a part owner of three yards in Germany and Ukraine. STX Europe has approx. 16 000 employees. Formerly known as Aker Yards ASA, the group changed its name to STX Europe in November 2008.

The DCNS group is one of Europe's leading players on the international naval defence systems market. In order to meet an ever-more comprehensive and integrated demand, DCNS acts as prime contractor for warships and their support vessels, using its own development, marketing and production resources backed up by those of selected partners.

In order to master the complexity of warship production, DCNS applies it expertise in naval architecture, in the engineering of the warship's principal systems, in the management of assembly and outfitting yards, in the production of special equipment and in support in operational service. The DCNS group has a workforce of 13,000 and a turnover of approximately 2.8 billion Euros.

-ends-


www.defense-aerospace.com
"[Os portugueses são]um povo tão dócil e tão bem amestrado que até merecia estar no Jardim Zoológico"
-Dom Januário Torgal Ferreira, Bispo das Forças Armadas
 

*

André

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 3555
  • Recebeu: 2 vez(es)
  • +111/-1
(sem assunto)
« Responder #413 em: Abril 28, 2009, 01:04:44 am »
Vietnam paga 1,8 mil milhões por seis submarinos russos


O Vietnam irá pagar 1,8 mil milhões de dólares por seis submarinos que a Rússia inicialmente pensava construir para a Venezuela, escreve hoje o diário Kommersant, citando fontes do Rosoboronexport, grupo público que controla a exportação de armamento russo.

Trata-se de modelos da classe Kilo (Project 636), um dos mais silenciosos submarinos no mundo.  

As naves deverão ser construídas nos estaleiros Admiralteiskie de São Petersburgo.

O director desta empresa recusou-se a especificar o país que encomendou os submarinos e o valor do contrato que será assinado dentro em breve pela Rosoboronexport, mas duas fontes próximas do grupo público revelaram que o cliente é o Vietnam e o valor da transacção é de cerca de 1,8 mil milhões de dólares.

A Venezuela foi considerado até recentemente o mais provável comprador de submarinos russos da classe Kilo, mas as fontes de Kommersant reconheceram que as negociações com Caracas tornaram-se cada vez mais difíceis.  

Na primeira etapa, os venezuelanos pretendiam comprar nove submarinos novos, mas, depois, o número caiu para seis, e, recentemente, para três ou quatro.

Com 73,8 metros de comprimento e 9,9 de largura, o submarino Kilo pode mergulhar a uma profundidade máxima de 300 metros e desenvolver uma velocidade de 20 nós.  A sua tripulação é constituída por 52 pessoas.  O armamento inclui quatro mísseis, embora esse número possa subir, 18 torpedos e 24 minas.

DN

 

*

SSK

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 1519
  • Recebeu: 15 vez(es)
  • +19/-0
(sem assunto)
« Responder #414 em: Abril 28, 2009, 05:51:17 pm »
Citação de: "André"
Vietnam paga 1,8 mil milhões por seis submarinos russos


O Vietnam irá pagar 1,8 mil milhões de dólares por seis submarinos que a Rússia inicialmente pensava construir para a Venezuela, escreve hoje o diário Kommersant, citando fontes do Rosoboronexport, grupo público que controla a exportação de armamento russo.

Trata-se de modelos da classe Kilo (Project 636), um dos mais silenciosos submarinos no mundo.  

As naves deverão ser construídas nos estaleiros Admiralteiskie de São Petersburgo.

O director desta empresa recusou-se a especificar o país que encomendou os submarinos e o valor do contrato que será assinado dentro em breve pela Rosoboronexport, mas duas fontes próximas do grupo público revelaram que o cliente é o Vietnam e o valor da transacção é de cerca de 1,8 mil milhões de dólares.

A Venezuela foi considerado até recentemente o mais provável comprador de submarinos russos da classe Kilo, mas as fontes de Kommersant reconheceram que as negociações com Caracas tornaram-se cada vez mais difíceis.  

Na primeira etapa, os venezuelanos pretendiam comprar nove submarinos novos, mas, depois, o número caiu para seis, e, recentemente, para três ou quatro.

Com 73,8 metros de comprimento e 9,9 de largura, o submarino Kilo pode mergulhar a uma profundidade máxima de 300 metros e desenvolver uma velocidade de 20 nós.  A sua tripulação é constituída por 52 pessoas.  O armamento inclui quatro mísseis, embora esse número possa subir, 18 torpedos e 24 minas.

DN


Não se esqueçam de ter espírito crítico ao ler esta notícia, principalmente na parte das capacidades...
"Ele é invisível, livre de movimentos, de construção simples e barato. poderoso elemento de defesa, perigosíssimo para o adversário e seguro para quem dele se servir"
1º Ten Fontes Pereira de Melo
 

*

Lancero

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 4217
  • Recebeu: 88 vez(es)
  • +74/-6
(sem assunto)
« Responder #415 em: Abril 30, 2009, 05:15:41 pm »
Islândia. Podem estar falidos, mas pôem novos patrulhas ao serviço

http://img115.imageshack.us/img115/3116/thor02asjo.jpg


Citar
* Complement: 48

Physical dimensions

* Displacement: 4,250 tons
* Length: 93,6 m
* Beam: 16 m
* Maximum draught: m
* Bollard pull: 120 tons

Propulsion

* Rolls Royce Bergen diesels; 4,500 kW x2
* Two 450 kW bow tunnel thrusters and one in the aft
* One 883 kW retractable azimuth thruster
* Speed: 19.5 knots

Armament

* Bofors L70 40 mm gun
"Portugal civilizou a Ásia, a África e a América. Falta civilizar a Europa"

Respeito
 

*

P44

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 20851
  • Recebeu: 7019 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 8027 vez(es)
  • +8126/-13004
(sem assunto)
« Responder #416 em: Maio 04, 2009, 03:55:32 pm »
Citar
Pentagon Contract Announcement
   
   
(Source: US Department of Defense; issued May 1, 2009)


The first General Dynamics/Austal trimaran-hulled Littoral Combat Ship (LCS 2) seen inside its hangar prior to its launch. (Austal photo)

General Dynamics – Bath Iron Works (BIW), Bath, Maine, is being awarded contract N00024-09-C-2302 for Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) FY09 Flight 0+ ship construction, class design services, configuration management services, additional crew and shore support, special studies and post delivery support.

As this award represents Phase I of a competitive two-phased acquisition approach to procure FY09/FY10 LCS, with Phase II including potential award of up to three additional LCS Flight 0+ Class ships, the award amount is considered source selection information (see FAR 2.101 and 3.104) and will not be made public at this time.

Work will be performed in Mobile, Ala., (50 percent); Bath, Maine, (17 percent); Pittsfield, Mass., (14 percent); Ottowa, Ontario, (2 percent); California, Md., (1 percent); Baltimore, Md., (1 percent); Leesburg, Va., (1 percent); Burlington, Vt., (1 percent); and various locations of less than 1 percent each totaling 13 percent, and work is expected to be completed by June 2012. Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year.

The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, D.C. is the contracting activity (N00024-09-C-2302). (ends)

   
   
   General Dynamics Awarded Contract for Additional Trimaran Littoral Combat Ship
   
   
(Source: General Dynamics Bath Iron Works; issued May 1, 2009)
 
 
   
   BATH, Maine --- The U.S. Navy today awarded a contract to a Bath Iron Works-led team for the construction of Coronado (LCS 4), the second Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) to feature an innovative, high-speed trimaran hull.

The 419-foot surface combatant ship, equipped with open architecture-based combat systems and computing environment developed by General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, will be manufactured by Austal USA in Mobile, Ala. It is scheduled for delivery to the Navy in May 2012. Bath Iron Works is a subsidiary of General Dynamics.

The Littoral Combat Ship is a key element of the Navy's plan to address asymmetric threats of the 21st century. Intended to operate in coastal areas, the ship will be fast, highly maneuverable and geared to supporting mine detection/elimination, anti-submarine warfare and anti-surface warfare, particularly against small surface craft. The Navy's first trimaran LCS, Independence (LCS 2), is in the final stages of construction and testing in preparation for its upcoming sea trials.

This contract will support more than 500 jobs in Austal's Mobile shipyard, as well as more than 100 employees of General Dynamics Bath Iron Works in Bath and Mobile, and General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems in Pittsfield, Mass., Mobile and other locations.

"Recent maritime events have clearly validated the need for the U.S. Navy to have the capabilities offered by LCS. We're proud to be playing an important role in fulfilling that need," said Jeff Geiger, president of Bath Iron Works. "Our team is ready to apply the lessons we've learned during the construction of Independence (LCS 2) to help make Coronado the most-affordable, most-effective LCS it can be."

The ship's open architecture computing environment -- another key factor in meeting the U.S. Navy's requirements for a flexible, reconfigurable mission ship -- enables industry's most capable, affordable, non-proprietary solutions to be incorporated into the its core mission system. This computing environment, developed by the General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems team, provides a highly flexible information technology backbone that allows "plug and play" integration of both the core systems and the LCS mission modules. It meets Navy open architecture requirements, strictly adheres to published industry standards and facilitates the integration of commercially available products. It also allows for future growth and seamlessly integrates combat-system components to create a core mission system solution that dramatically lowers acquisition and lifecycle costs.

General Dynamics Bath Iron Works is the prime contractor for the General Dynamics Littoral Combat Ship Team. Partners include Austal USA (Mobile, Ala.); BAE Systems (Rockville, Md.); General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems (Fairfax, Va.); L3 Communications Marine Systems (Leesburg, Va.); Maritime Applied Physics Corporation (Baltimore, Md.); and Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems (Baltimore, Md.).


Bath Iron Works of Bath, Maine, is a leading designer and builder of complex surface combatants for the U.S. Navy and employs approximately 5,600 people. General Dynamics, headquartered in Falls Church, Va., employs approximately 92,900 people worldwide. The company is a market leader in business aviation; land and expeditionary combat systems, armaments and munitions; shipbuilding and marine systems; and information systems and technologies. (ends)

   
   
   US Navy Orders Second Austal Littoral Combat Ship
   
   
(Source: Austal; issued May 4, 2009)
 
 
   
   The US Navy has announced a fixed price incentive contract for the construction of a second Austal-designed and built Littoral Combat Ship (LCS).

Awarded to Prime contractor Bath Iron Works, a General Dynamics company, the second Austal-built LCS will be similar to the 127 metre “Independence” (LCS 2), which is currently at an advanced stage of construction at Austal’s US shipyard in Mobile, Alabama.

The award represents the second half of the two-vessel US$1.02 billion budget appropriation for the LCS program for US Fiscal Year 2009, ending September 2009.
Approximately 50 per cent of the total award amount is for work to be performed at Austal USA.

The announcement follows Austal’s recent selection as Prime contractor for the US Navy’s Joint High Speed Vessel (JHSV) program, potentially valued at more than US$1.6 billion.

The General Dynamics LCS Team platform utilises Austal’s proven, high-speed trimaran hull-form to provide enhanced seakeeping, low resistance, superior aviation facilities, and large payload volume capacity. The next-generation warships will carry out a range of operations including mine countermeasures, anti-submarine warfare and the prosecution of surface attack craft in the near-shore (littoral) environment.

Austal Managing Director Bob Browning commented; “This contract award demonstrates a strong vote of confidence for the Austal-designed high speed aluminium trimaran seaframe, which has already proven itself in the commercial market.”

“With the US Navy’s ongoing commitment to a 55-vessel LCS program, as part of its 313 ship fleet, we are confident that our superior design and purpose-built US construction facilities put us in a good position to meet this important requirement.”

Mr Browning said momentum generated by the latest LCS order and the recent JHSV award will accelerate the growth of the company’s US operations, which now plans to increase its workforce to more than 1300 when the LCS gets into full production next year.

Construction of Austal’s second LCS will commence immediately at its shipyard in Mobile, where work is also well underway on the first phase of a new state-of-the-art Modular Manufacturing Facility (MMF).

The facility will allow quicker and more cost-effective construction of the ship components, or modules, which will then be transported to the existing Assembly Bays along the waterfront for erection and launch. Once completed, the 70,000m2 MMF (over 17 acres under roof), will allow the delivery of multiple JHSV or LCS platforms per year.

Sea trials of Austal’s first LCS, the 127 metre “Independence” (LCS 2), are scheduled for mid-2009, with delivery expected later in the year. The vessel was officially christened in front of more than 1,000 dignitaries during a ceremony held at Austal in October 2008.

The US Navy has previously announced that this newly-awarded LCS will be named “Coronado” (LCS 4).

Last month Austal announced the award of two contracts for the design and construction of large commercial vehicle-passenger ferries, to be built at Austal’s Western Australian facilities.

-ends-

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articl ... gate.html#
"[Os portugueses são]um povo tão dócil e tão bem amestrado que até merecia estar no Jardim Zoológico"
-Dom Januário Torgal Ferreira, Bispo das Forças Armadas
 

*

Instrutor

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 1309
  • Recebeu: 3 vez(es)
  • Enviou: 1 vez(es)
  • +0/-1
(sem assunto)
« Responder #417 em: Maio 04, 2009, 04:03:45 pm »
Citação de: "Lancero"
Islândia. Podem estar falidos, mas pôem novos patrulhas ao serviço

http://img115.imageshack.us/img115/3116/thor02asjo.jpg


Citar
* Complement: 48

Physical dimensions

* Displacement: 4,250 tons
* Length: 93,6 m
* Beam: 16 m
* Maximum draught: m
* Bollard pull: 120 tons

Propulsion

* Rolls Royce Bergen diesels; 4,500 kW x2
* Two 450 kW bow tunnel thrusters and one in the aft
* One 883 kW retractable azimuth thruster
* Speed: 19.5 knots

Armament

* Bofors L70 40 mm gun




Não é este o País da Nato que não possui Forças Armadas e que a sua defesa está a cargo dos EUA, Dinamarca e Noruega????? Construção de simples navios para uma suposta Guarda Costeira?????
"Aqui na Lusitanea existe um povo que não se governa nem se deixa governar" voz corrente entre os Romanos do Séc. I a.C
 

*

Lancero

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 4217
  • Recebeu: 88 vez(es)
  • +74/-6
(sem assunto)
« Responder #418 em: Maio 04, 2009, 05:24:17 pm »
Citação de: "Instrutor"
Não é este o País da Nato que não possui Forças Armadas e que a sua defesa está a cargo dos EUA, Dinamarca e Noruega????? Construção de simples navios para uma suposta Guarda Costeira?????


Não é suposta. Existe mesmo, como quem já leu sobre as "Cod Wars" se recordará.
"Portugal civilizou a Ásia, a África e a América. Falta civilizar a Europa"

Respeito
 

*

luis filipe silva

  • Investigador
  • *****
  • 2049
  • Recebeu: 6 vez(es)
  • +1/-1
(sem assunto)
« Responder #419 em: Maio 05, 2009, 12:10:14 am »
Caro instrutor
A guarda costeira islandesa é mais velha do que eu ou o meu amigo.
Veja no link a sua história:
http://www.lhg.is/english/icg/
-----------------------------
saudações:
Luis Filipe Silva