Orçamento militar russo

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JLRC

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Orçamento militar russo
« em: Agosto 13, 2004, 12:27:26 am »
Ouvi na TV uma notícia dizendo que a Rússia vai aumentar em 2005 o seu orçamento militar em 40%, cerca de 2.600 milhões de dólares.
Se a notícia é correcta, significa um aumento brutal e vai permitir à marinha russa recuperar um pouco de competividade, melhorando a manutenção dos navios e possibilitando a construção de novos navios, especialmente submarinos nucleares lançadores de mísseis balísticos(SSBN), já para não falar das outras armas (Exército e Força aérea).
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TestDummie

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« Responder #1 em: Agosto 13, 2004, 01:10:28 am »
Oias a TODOS!

Ainda bem, pode ser que a marinha russa deixe de uma vez por todas o sufoco em que se encontra (há já algum tempo, vi um documentário em que a utilização de um Typhoon era patrocinada por uma marca de vodka  :D ) Eles tem é que começar a racionar de forma inteligente e abandonar as políticas militares do tempo da guerra fria.

Cumps a TODOS!
 

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Spectral

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« Responder #2 em: Agosto 13, 2004, 01:57:41 am »
Eles também têm problemas estruturais muito sérios, como a corrupção nos oficiais, que devem demorar algum tempo a resolver.

E não haverá outras prioridades além de SSBN novos, que são obviamente equipamentos de outro tempo ?
I hope that you accept Nature as It is - absurd.

R.P. Feynman
 

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JLRC

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« Responder #3 em: Agosto 13, 2004, 02:21:42 am »
Citação de: "Spectral"
E não haverá outras prioridades além de SSBN novos, que são obviamente equipamentos de outro tempo ?


Caro Spectral, existem certamente outras prioridades, mas penso que para eles é prioritário a construção dos 12 SSBN da classe Yuriy Dolgorukiy (Borey - 955), para não correrem o risco de ficarem sem força de dissuação submarina. Não se esqueça que por 2010, sem novas construções, só vão ter 6 Delta IV em fim de vida útil. Para eles é importante não perderem a face em relação aos EUA. Mas é óbvio que devem existir outras prioridades.
Já agora, aproveito para lhe desejar boa viagem e boas férias.
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JNSA

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« Responder #4 em: Agosto 25, 2004, 05:44:11 pm »
Se esta notícia se confirmar, então será uma verdadeira revolução no actual estado das FA russas... Mas não me parece que a economia consiga comportar um tal aumento... :?

De qualquer modo, com ou sem orçamento alargado, é preciso redimensionar e repensar a estrutura de forças. A doutrina de treino, de recrutamento e de liderança precisa de ser actualizada, bem como as forças operacionais. Por exemplo, não é necessário um número tão elevado de unidades blindadas no exército (sobretudo as equipadas com os tanques e APC's mais antigos), nem uma estrutura naval vocacionada para guerra costeira, com demasiadas escoltas, mas sem meios de projecção de forças.

Uma redução no número de homens e equipamento, aliado a uma profunda reestruturação, libertaria fundos, mesmo sem o crescimento orçamental, para modernizar as FA russas.

Citação de: "JLRC"
Caro Spectral, existem certamente outras prioridades, mas penso que para eles é prioritário a construção dos 12 SSBN da classe Yuriy Dolgorukiy (Borey - 955), para não correrem o risco de ficarem sem força de dissuação submarina. Não se esqueça que por 2010, sem novas construções, só vão ter 6 Delta IV em fim de vida útil. Para eles é importante não perderem a face em relação aos EUA. Mas é óbvio que devem existir outras prioridades.


Exacto, JLRC. Para os russos a arma submarina terá sempre que ter uma elevada prioridade, até porque a marinha russa carece de outros meios (porta-aviões, LHA's, LHD's, etc) para projectar o seu poder a grande distância. Se não fosse o seu armamento nuclear, e particularmente o baseado nos SSBN e ICBM, a Rússia não teria, com o actual estado da sua economia, indústria e forças armadas em geral, um papel relevante na cena mundial...
 

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Dinivan

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« Responder #5 em: Agosto 25, 2004, 07:09:49 pm »
Aquí está la notícia, no crecerá un 40%, lo hará en un 28% (mil millones de dólares) que sin embargo, sigue siendo un gran aumento.


Citar
Defense Budget to Grow by 28%
Tuesday, August 24, 2004
By Lyuba Pronina

Staff Writer The Cabinet on Monday approved a draft 2005 budget that boosts defense spending by 28 percent and promises to cover the government's ambitious social reform to switch Soviet-era benefits to cash payments for vulnerable citizens.

The draft budget puts revenues at 3.33 trillion rubles ($114 billion) and spending at 3.05 trillion rubles. The projected surplus will amount to 254 billion rubles, or 1.5 percent of gross domestic product.

Defense tops the list of spending items at 528 billion rubles ($18 billion), a significant boost from the 411 billion rubles earmarked in this year's budget and the miniscule 93 billion rubles set aside in 1999.

National defense has received top priority in the four years since President Vladimir Putin took office. But the extra money has mostly gone to maintain and improve conditions in the military and done little to upgrade its aging arsenal of weapons. A chunk of the increases has also been eaten up by inflation.

Although defense spending accounts for 17 percent of the budget, Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said Monday that there is no reason to suggest the budget is militarized.

"National defense spending in the draft 2005 budget is at 2.6 percent to 2.7 percent of gross domestic product, as in previous years," he said in televised remarks.


The Kremlin-controlled State Duma is to consider the draft budget in the first of four readings Sept. 26.

Duma Speaker Boris Gryzlov said deputies would thoroughly review the budget but added that "the parameters that are already known inspire optimism."

The budget approved Monday contains only broad parameters for spending next year. The details of who will get what will be hammered out in the Duma.

Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin said the proposed budget ensures that the government will be able to meet all its social obligations, including the planned transfer on Jan. 1 to the cash payment system for retirees, war veterans, the disabled and others.

"Not a single benefits recipient will be forgotten," Kudrin said.

He also said the government will not need to borrow money abroad next year due to the amount of cash piling up in a state stabilization fund thanks to high global oil prices.

Education and Science Minister Andrei Fursenko said he was satisfied with the amount allocated for schools, but Agriculture Minister Alexei Gordeyev said he would complain to the pro-Kremlin United Russia party, which controls the Duma, that his budget is being cut by 10 percent.

Defense spending is a state secret, but the government does provide general information about how the money is distributed. For 2005, the largest portion of defense spending, 383 billion rubles, is to go toward maintaining the armed forces, while 81 billion rubles will be allotted for defense research and development. A total of 8.7 billion rubles will go to the nuclear weapons complex and 61 million rubles to peacekeeping operations and maintaining security in the former Soviet Union.

Ivanov expressed concern that the extra funds for defense might end up being swallowed by growing energy and transportation costs.

He also said that most of the extra funds will go toward arms procurement and defense research and development.

Earlier this month, Kudrin said allocations for arms procurement and defense research would be increased by 70 billion rubles next year. Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov said in March that the figure in this year's budget is nearly 150 billion rubles. If the amount is boosted to 220 billion rubles ($7.5 billion), it would be the first time that post-Soviet Russia will spend more on arms than it earns in arms sales, industry experts said. Last year, the defense industry hit a new post-Soviet record of $5.6 billion in export revenues.

Yet it is unlikely that the defense industry will get a significant injection of cash in sales to the military. Aircraft-production plants say more than 90 percent of their revenues come from exports.

Konstantin Makiyenko, deputy head of the Center for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies, said this raises questions about where the money is actually going. Last year the military bought 14 tanks and upgraded five fighter jets.

"Something is wrong. There's a lot of money but no results," Makiyenko said.

Ivan Safranchuk, head of the Moscow office for the Washington-based Center for Defense Information, said the government appears to be investing more in research and development.

"Last year, R&D stood at 51 billion rubles and was upgraded to 81 billion rubles this year. This is an investment in the future," Safranchuk said.

He said, however, that the extra $1 billion is still kopeks compared to other countries' defense budgets: While Russia's 2004 defense budget is 411 billion rubles, the U.S. budget is $411 billion.


http://www.themoscowtimes.com
 

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JLRC

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« Responder #6 em: Agosto 26, 2004, 08:00:24 pm »
Russia: Moscow Raises Spending For Defense, Police, Secret Services
 
 
(Source: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty; issued Aug. 24, 2004)
 
 
 PRAGUE --- Defense appropriations emerged as the top priority in the draft budget approved yesterday by the Russian cabinet.  
 
Military spending is due to rise to $528 billion rubles ($18 billion) in 2005, up 28 percent from last year’s 411 billion rubles ($14 billion).  
 
Overall, spending is due to rise across most state-funded sectors, as the Russian economy enjoys sustained growth, thanks to increased revenues from oil exports. But the steep hike in defense has caught the media’s attention. It follows Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov’s recent assertion that military reforms have been successfully completed and that the Kremlin now intends to modernize Russia’s armed forces.  
 
In reality, Moscow-based military analyst Pavel Felgenhauer told RFE/RL that there is less to the matter than meets the eye. First, Felgenhauer notes that years of neglect and under-funding have left the Russian forces in desperate need of extra funds. In essence, the 2005 budget continues to compensate for these lean times. And even with the increase, Russia’s defense budget will remain 20 times smaller than U.S. military expenditures.  
 
Secondly, inflation should be taken into account -- meaning the actual rise in defense spending is smaller than it appears. “The increase appears very large, but these numbers -- over 25 percent -- do not take inflation into account,” he said. “Inflation up to now in Russia has been considerable. They say that next year, they’ll be able to lower it below 10 percent annually, but it’s not clear if they will be successful. So in reality, the increase in defense spending is around 15 percent.” Despite Ivanov’s recent statement about successful reforms, Felgenhauer said the Russian military establishment remains hugely bloated and without a focused strategy. Defense spending, he notes, has to sustain more than 2 million Defense Ministry employees, plus another 2 million employees of the various security agencies and the Interior Ministry.  
 
“We have an oversized military machine. If we look at colonels alone, who are on active duty, we have more than 100,000 of them! I’m not talking just about the Defense Ministry, but across the board. The president, last December, said we have 4 million military personnel and personnel of equivalent status. When you have so many colonels and so many servicemen, even if you give them all a salary increase of just $50 a month, it adds up to an enormous sum,” Felgenhauer said.  
 
According to military officials, much of the increase in the 2005 defense budget will go to modernize Russia’s aging weapons systems, air force, and navy. But Felgenhauer notes that officials made the same promise last year, when extra money for purchases was also set aside. To this day, it is unclear how the money was actually spent.  
 
“We have a scandalous situation, where last year 118 billion rubles [$4 billion] was set aside [for purchases], this year they were supposed to spend 146 billion rubles [$5 billion] and the end result is that two tanks or four tanks, two helicopters and one airplane are bought per year. We are talking about very large amounts of money that are disappearing -- no one knows where.”  
 
No one also knows how much of Russia’s defense budget is going to fund the continuing war in Chechnya. The problem, Felgenhauer said, is that whatever figures the Kremlin periodically presents are highly selective and impossible to verify -- making oversight of Russia’s defense spending practically impossible.  
 
“The problem is that everything is secret, including the military budget. We know the overall sum and this is divided into several sections, which reveal next to nothing. We do not know how much weapons development projects cost, we do not know how much money is being spent on each individual project. We do not know how much the weapons that the army buys cost. We do not know the exact number of people in the military. Officially, this is secret information. Periodically, certain numbers are mentioned, but they differ from each other. There is a mass of departments and ministries and everything is secret. There is no civilian oversight. There can be no civilian oversight when practically everything concerning the Defense Ministry is a secret,” Felgenhauer said.  
 
In this context, analysis of Russia’s defense needs and capabilities remains a very inexact science. Russia’s State Duma is set to consider the draft budget in the first of four readings on 26 September. With pro-Kremlin deputies having a two-thirds majority in the chamber, Duma Speaker Boris Gryzlov says he expects the bill to pass easily.  
 
-ends-
 

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JLRC

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« Responder #7 em: Agosto 29, 2004, 04:04:07 pm »
Acerca das prioridades da marinha russa, leiam esta entrevista com um alto resposável da mesma

STRATEGIC FLEET COMBAT CAPABILITY - A PRIORITY FOR THE RUSSIAN NAVY



An Interview With Rear Admiral Mikhail Barskov (Res.)1

Q. The Russian Navy's budget for R&D and armaments has been published in the open press for the first time: For 2004, this figure will be almost 17 billion rubles. Will this be sufficient to maintain combat capability and ensure the Navy can deal with both current and future threats?

A. Over the past few years the navies of the United States and other leading world powers have significantly stepped up their maritime activities, often out of proportion with actual national security threats. Under the pretext of combating international terrorism and protecting human rights, military operations are being conducted in which naval ships and vessels play a decisive role by delivering troops, providing firepower support and furnishing vital supplies to forces stationed on foreign territory.

The role of the Navy as a guarantor of the interests of Russia and its maritime allies has grown substantially because of these circumstances. A budget increase for the development and maintenance of naval armaments and military hardware, in 2004 in particular, has resolved several of the Navy's equipment problems. The construction of new ships continues; new, advanced arms and military hardware are being developed; and work on the overhaul and reconstruction of existing ships, armaments and other equipment has been stepped up. However, the rate of fleet amortization is not being met. On the whole, state funding for the development and maintenance of naval armaments and military hardware is insufficient to guarantee that the Russian Navy can fulfill the tasks set before it. In comparison, the United States annually assigns over $37 billion for R&D and arms procurements for its navy.

Q. Which shipbuilding programs currently have the highest priority for the Russian Navy? Which component — strategic nuclear forces (MSYaS) or general-purpose forces — gets more of the Navy's attention today? Are you satisfied with the volume of funding and the speed of construction for corvettes, the SSBN Yuri Dolgoruky and the Severodvinsk nuclear submarine? At what stage is the construction of these two submarines right now?

A. The most pressing tasks for the Russian Navy today are, of course, maintaining the combat capability of the existing MSYaS grouping and the commissioning of the next-generation Yuri Dolgoruky SSBN. The Navy is also paying serious attention to the development of general-purpose naval forces: Sevmash is completing construction of the Severodvinsk-type nuclear submarine, and Admiralty Shipyard is completing the Sankt-Petersburg conventional submarine.

In recent years the amount of funding allocated for the construction of ships under government defense contracts has grown significantly compared to the 1990s, but it is still insufficient to guarantee the completion and commissioning of the submarines on schedule. At this point in time the main hull work has been completed on the Severodvinsk and the Yuri Dolgoruky, and the vessels are being fitted with armaments, other equipment and components.

Q. Will the Project 1154 frigates (the Yaroslav Mudry and the Novik) be completed at the Yantar plant?

A. The Yantar shipyard is currently building two ships for the Russian Navy. A training ship for the Russian Navy is being constructed on the basis of R&D carried out for the Novik, a Project 12441 ship, the construction of which has been suspended pending a Russian government order. The training ship is scheduled to be commissioned by the Navy in 2008. In 2002 work resumed on the Project 11540 ship, which is due to be delivered to the Navy in 2005.

Q. When will the tender be announced for the construction of a next-generation lead frigate? Will the design of the ship rely on Project 11356?

A. The Navy and the shipbuilding industry are currently conducting a set of operations to develop advanced surface ships. The Severnoye Design Bureau plans to complete the general technical project for a next-generation frigate in 2005. This is an original project; the Project 11356 ship will not serve as a prototype. The tender for the construction of the lead frigate for the Russian Navy is scheduled for 2005.

Q. What will happen to the Admiral Ushakov and the Admiral Nakhimov heavy missile cruisers?

A. The Admiral Ushakov was written off in 2001, and the Admiral Nakhimov is undergoing repairs at Sevmash. Its overhaul is due to be completed in 2007.

Q. What impact will the project to upgrade the Admiral Gorshkov heavy aircraft carrier for the Indian Navy have on the construction of the Yuri Dolgoruky?

A. Construction work on the SSBN Yuri Dolgoruky is being financed from the federal budget, while the work on the Admiral Gorshkov will be conducted at the customer's expense, so the two projects will not directly affect each other.

Indirectly, of course, the implementation of a contract with a foreign customer stabilizes the financial position of a company, thus helping it meet work deadlines for the Russian Navy.

Q. What is the position of the Russian Navy as regards the consolidation of the Russian shipbuilding industry? Does the Navy have its own ideas on the ideal structure for the industry? Which facility would the Navy prefer to see as the center of consolidation? Is there any sense in placing orders at the Yantar plant, given the fact that it is located in the Kaliningrad enclave? What does the future hold for Sevmash and the shipbuilding facilities in the Far East?

A. The Russian State Center for Nuclear Shipbuilding was established in 1992 on the basis of the Sevmash Production Association by a Russian presidential decree. The center was intended to take advantage of the unique research and production potential of the Severodvinsk shipbuilding center, and it has design bureaus, research institutes and industrial facilities that supply key components for nuclear-powered vessels.

For the foreseeable future, Sevmash will remain Russia's main facility for the construction and maintenance of nuclear submarines and surface warships.

In general, the Navy currently places maintenance orders at shipbuilding facilities in the Far East, though in the future the same enterprises may be contracted to construct promising new ships for the Navy.

The government's armaments program through 2016 stipulates that a considerable volume of the Navy's orders be placed with facilities in the Far East.



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1 Until 2004 chief of ship-building, armaments and arms maintenance and the Russian Navy's Deputy Commander-in-Chief for armaments; currently deputy general director of the New Programs and Concepts industrial holding.
 

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Sniper BR

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« Responder #8 em: Agosto 29, 2004, 06:42:25 pm »
Olá pessoal!! estou na área!! :D
"Eu não tenho que lhes dizer. Quem ganhou a Guerra os senhores sabem: foi a Artilharia"
(PATTON - sobre a 2ª GM)
 

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JLRC

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« Responder #9 em: Agosto 29, 2004, 07:57:44 pm »
Seja bem vindo Sniper BR

Um abraço
 

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Sniper BR

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« Responder #10 em: Agosto 29, 2004, 08:28:31 pm »
Citação de: "JLRC"
Seja bem vindo Sniper BR

Um abraço


Valeu JLRC !!
Um abraço!!
"Eu não tenho que lhes dizer. Quem ganhou a Guerra os senhores sabem: foi a Artilharia"
(PATTON - sobre a 2ª GM)