A China Como Futura Ameaça?

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #225 em: Outubro 27, 2020, 01:13:47 pm »
https://edition.cnn.com/2020/10/27/asia/us-india-defense-china-intl-hnk/index.html

India signs defensive agreement with US following Himalayan standoff with China


The United States and India have reaffirmed their defensive and security relationship, as Washington continues to rally allies in Asia amid concerns over increased Chinese military activity in the region.

During a press conference Tuesday in the Indian capital, US Secretary of Defense Mark Esper and his Indian counterpart Rajnath Singh announced the signing of the Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA), enabling greater information-sharing and further defense cooperation between the two countries.
"The defense ties between our two nations remains a key pillar of our overall bilateral relationship," said Esper. "Based on our shared values and common interests, we stand shoulder to shoulder in support of a free and open Indo-Pacific for all, particularly in light of increasing aggression and destabilizing activities by China."
The agreement, said Singh furthered the two sides ongoing commitment to the "law and freedom of navigation in the international seas" while "upholding the territorial integrity and sovereignty of all states."
Both India and the US are due to participate in the upcoming Malabar naval exercises which will be held in the Indian Ocean next month. The drills will feature all members of the so-called Quad, an informal alliance of the US, India, Japan and Australia, which has been proposed by some as a potential "Asian NATO," intended to counterbalance Chinese military strength in the region.
In a meeting of the Quad earlier this month in Tokyo, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo railed against the "Chinese Communist Party's coverup" in the initial stages of the coronavirus pandemic, and saying "it is more critical now than ever that we collaborate to protect our people and partners from the CCP's exploitation, corruption, and coercion."
Speaking to reporters after that meeting, a senior State Department official said that "there's no avoiding the fact that it's China and its actions in the region that make the Quad actually matter and function this time around."
The official said a "sudden turn toward gross aggression by the Chinese government in its entire periphery" had alarmed Beijing's regional neighbors, and pointed in particular to ongoing tensions between India and China over their shared border in the Himalayas.

[...]
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #226 em: Outubro 27, 2020, 01:17:01 pm »
Japan and China both claim these islands as their own. Now the US is showing Tokyo how it can help defend them

https://edition.cnn.com/2020/10/27/asia/us-japan-military-exercises-keen-sword-china-intl-hnk/index.html

Tens of thousands of US and Japanese troops will begin a massive island-landing exercise in the Pacific this week as part of joint military operations seen as a warning to China that Washington backs Tokyo over Beijing's claim to Japanese-controlled islands.

Speaking aboard a Japanese warship Monday, Lt. Gen. Kevin Schneider, commander of US Forces Japan, said the exercises would demonstrate the ability of the US-Japan alliance "to deliver combat troops to defend the Senkakus or respond to other crises or contingencies."
Both Tokyo and Beijing claim the Senkaku Islands, known as the Diaoyus in China, as their own, but Japan has administered them since 1972.
Tensions over the uninhabited rocky chain, 1,200 miles (1,900 kilometers) southwest of Tokyo, have simmered for years, and with claims over them dating back centuries, neither Japan nor China is likely to back down.

Chinese vessels have been spending record amounts of time in the waters around the islands this year, drawing condemnation from Tokyo.
The US-Japan exercises, named Keen Sword 21, have been held biennially for more than 30 years. This year's exercises run through to November 5.

The prospect of any Japan-China military face-off over disputed islands holds even more gravity because the US-Japan mutual defense treaty obligates Washington to defend the islands as if they are American territory.
The US has been steadfast in that commitment, as echoed in Schneider's comments on Monday.
In July, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo included the Senkakus dispute as one of the areas in the Indo-Pacific where he said China was "instigating territorial disputes" as part of a pattern of "bullying" its Asian neighbors.
So the huge US and Japanese military presence in the Pacific this week adds visual heft to statements that Tokyo and Washington stand united over the Senkakus and beyond.
The fleets include some 9,000 US troops, a US aircraft carrier strike group, more than 100 US military aircraft, more than 37,000 Japanese troops, a flotilla of 20 Japan Maritime Self Defense Force warships, 100 Japanese military planes, plus a frigate from Canada -- all focused on landing large forces on islands around Okinawa, 250 miles (400 kilometers) to the east of the Senkakus.
Since becoming Japanese Prime Minister in September, Yoshihide Suga has been pushing Japan's support for a "free and open Indo-Pacific." He's overseen Japanese naval deployments to the South China Sea -- which Beijing claims almost in its entirety -- visiting both Vietnam and Indonesia to strengthen Japanese ties with those countries that also have claims in the vast waterway. Suga has also reaffirmed defense ties with India and Australia, which along with the US and Japan are known as "the Quad."

While not a formal military alliance like NATO, the Quad is seen by some as a potential counterweight to growing Chinese influence and alleged aggression in Asia-Pacific. The collation has been denounced by Beijing as an anti-China bloc.
Naval forces from all four Quad nations will participate in the large-scale Malabar military exercises in the Indian Ocean next month.
But first China's eye will likely be focused on what's happening with Keen Sword.
A statement from the US Pacific Fleet in Hawaii said the US and Japanese forces "will train in a comprehensive scenario designed to exercise the critical capabilities required to support the defense of Japan and respond to a crisis or contingency in the Indo-Pacific region."
The troops "will exercise a wide range of warfighting capabilities and demonstrate the inherent flexibility and capability of the US and Japanese militaries," the Pacific Fleet statement said.
Photos released by the US Navy on Monday showed 16 US, Japanese and Canadian warships sailing in formation in the Philippine Sea as Keen Sword began.

The large-scale exercises have strong "deterrent value" toward China, said Carl Schuster, a former director of operations at the US Pacific Command's Joint Intelligence Center.
"They show (island) seizure is not going to be cheap or unchallenged," he said.
Corey Wallace, an assistant professor focusing on Japanese foreign policy at Kanagawa University, said the exercises are displaying new levels of interoperability between the Japanese and US militaries.

The US will land MV-22 Osprey transport aircraft on Japan's largest warship, the JS Kaga, said Wallace. And it could be just a glimpse of what the two militaries might do in the future with their stealth fighters.
"This speaks to the intensifying nature of the amphibious exercises but also the future possibilities for further cross-decking, perhaps first with US F-35Bs on Japanese ships, and later, possibly Japanese F-35Bs on American amphibious vessels," Wallace said. "Demonstrating interoperability between the two forces in realistic scenarios is as important, if not more so, than displaying any shiny new hardware."
Meanwhile, with much less fanfare, China's People's Liberation Army is in the midst of two sets of military exercises in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, according to a posting on the PLA's official English language website. The nature of the exercises was not disclosed.
Those exercises, scheduled to end on November 10 and October 30, respectively, are just the latest in a busy few months for China's military, which has recently had as many as five exercises running simultaneously.
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #227 em: Novembro 04, 2020, 12:22:58 am »
https://eurasiantimes.com/germany-lends-support-to-quad-against-china-will-send-warships-to-the-indian-ocean-next-year/

Mais um para se juntar à festa.

Isto começa a ter contornos de uma grande coligação que se poderá vir a formar contra a China.
 
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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #228 em: Novembro 24, 2020, 11:18:13 am »
https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/exclusive-satellite-images-hint-at-renewed-china-threat-in-doklam-2328660

Exclusive: Satellite Images Hint At Renewed China Threat In Doklam

It is believed that this road could ultimately give the Chinese forces an alternate route to the Zompelri ridge, which the Indian Army had prevented Chinese forces from accessing in 2017 when the two sides faced off on the Doklam plateau.

New Delhi: High resolution satellite imagery accessed by NDTV indicates that in addition to setting up a village more than two kilometres within Bhutanese territory on the eastern periphery of the contested Doklam plateau, China has built a road in the same area that stretches approximately 9 kilometres inside Bhutanese territory.
It is believed that this road could ultimately give the Chinese forces an alternate route to the Zompelri ridge, which the Indian Army had prevented Chinese forces from accessing in 2017 when the two sides faced off on the Doklam plateau.

On that occasion, Chinese construction workers had attempted to access the ridge by extending their existing track near the Indian Army's post at Doka La which lies on the boundary between Sikkim and Dokala.

Soldiers of the Indian Army had then physically blocked Chinese road construction workers on grounds that access to the Zompelri ridgeline (which lies further south) was unacceptable since it would allow Chinese forces a clear sight of the "Chicken's Neck", the vulnerable sliver of land that links the northeast of India with the rest of the country.

Now, three years later, Chinese construction workers, working on a different axis, have built a new road along the banks of the Torsa river, which extends southwards from the border between China and Bhutan.

This lies less than 10 km from the site of the 2017 face-off between Indian and Chinese forces which lasted more than two months and was only resolved when Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Xinping of China met in Wuhan in April 2018 where they agreed on de-escalating tensions.

"The Chinese have left untouched the 2017 stand-off site, which is located in one corner of Doklam,'' says strategic affairs expert, Dr Brahma Chellaney. ''But, step by step, they have been changing the status quo in the rest of Doklam, including by building permanent structures and roads and even setting up villages on a plateau that was uninhabited until three years ago.''

Clear evidence of Chinese road and village construction on the eastern periphery of the Doklam plateau emerged on Thursday when Shen Shiwei, a senior producer with CGTN, China's state-sponsored media, showcased several images of a village with several chalets by the side of a river.

He tweeted, ''Now, we have permanent residents living in the newly established Pangda village. It's along the valley, 35 km south to Yadong country. Here is a map to show the location.''

The new images shown in this report are from Maxar which provides some of the most comprehensive satellite imagery commercially available. According to Maxar, ''There has clearly been significant construction activity this year all along the Torsa River valley area with extensive road-building/construction activity underway as well as new military storage bunkers being built in China near the Doklam area".

The lead image in this report, contradicts a statement by the Bhutanese Ambassador to New Delhi, Major General Vetsop Namgyel.

In a statement to NDTV on November 19, Major General Namgyel said, ''There is no Chinese village inside Bhutan".

Asked whether Bhutan and China had reached any understanding on realigning the border in the contested area, the Ambassador said he ''does not comment on border matters.'' He did, however, confirm that Bhutan and China were involved in border talks.

Bhutan and China have been involved in border disputes for decades. According to Tenzing Lamsang, the Editor of The Bhutanese, ''Bhutan and China recognise the 269 sq km in the west and 495 sq km in north-central Bhutan as [being] disputed and so while there are maximalist claim lines from both sides, there is no mutually accepted international border there yet".

What seems clear though is that Beijing's policy, referred to in 2017 as "salami slicing" by General Bipin Rawat, now the Chief of Defence Staff, remains a reality, not just in Eastern Ladakh but in Doklam and in other parts of the Sino-Indian boundary as well.

Contrary to rhetoric in 2017 that India forced China to 'withdraw' from the Doklam stand-off site, the new images seem to indicate that Beijing's determination to make probes in the contested area continues with utter disregard to New Dehi and Thimpu's sentiments.

For the Indian Army, any Chinese push southwards is bound to raise red-flags since Chinese forces will potentially have clear line-of-sight to sensitive areas in the "Chicken's Neck" for the first time.

"It is past time for India to call China out on its expansionism in Doklam by pointing out how it is encroaching on the territories of one of the world's smallest countries," says Brahma Chellaney. "As Bhutan's de facto security guarantor, India cannot turn a blind eye to China's aggressive activities in Doklam," he added.
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #229 em: Dezembro 05, 2020, 01:16:49 pm »
EUA acusam China de realizar testes biológicos para criar super soldados
https://executivedigest.sapo.pt/eua-acusam-china-de-realizar-testes-biologicos-para-criar-super-soldados/
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A China conduziu testes biológicos no seu exército com o objetivo de criar super soldados, com capacidades especiais, de acordo com o diretor dos serviços secretos dos Estados Unidos, John Ratcliffe, autor de um artigo publicado Wall Street Jornal, onde alerta para o facto de que o país asiático «representa atualmente a maior ameaça para a América», avança o ‘The Guardian’.

«A informação é clara: Pequim quer dominar os Estados Unidos e o resto do planeta a nível económico, militar e tecnológico. Muitas das principais iniciativas públicas e empresas de proeminência chinesa oferecem apenas uma camada de camuflagem para as atividades do Partido Comunista Chinês», escreveu o responsável no artigo em questão.

Segundo Ratcliffe, os serviços secretos norte-americanos «mostram que a China até conduziu testes humanos em membros do Exército de Libertação do Povo, a fim de desenvolver soldados com capacidades biológicas especiais», disse acrescentando: «Não há limites éticos para a busca do poder por Pequim».

O responsável admitiu inclusivamente ter «transferido recursos» para o orçamento dos serviços de informação, com o objetivo de se concentrar na China.

Muitos especialistas e funcionários da agência do governo norte-americano têm se concentrado na Rússia e nos esforços de contraterrorismo, segundo Ratcliffe, «mas agora devemos olhar bem para os factos à nossa frente, que deixam claro que a China deve ser o principal foco de segurança daqui em diante», afirmou.

O mandato de Ratcliffe como diretor de inteligência nacional deve terminar em cerca de seis semanas, na mesma altura em que Joe Biden tomar posse como presidente. Biden nomeou Avril Haines , anteriormente vice-diretora da Agência Central de Informação, para o cargo.
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #231 em: Dezembro 15, 2020, 02:17:34 am »


Quer-me parecer que a arma submarina vai ser a mais importante no inicio de um potencial conflito com a China. Pelo menos do lado do Pacífico/Mar do Sul da China.

Outro factor importante, será a Índia, que ao entrar na equação, permite, através da sua fronteira com a China (e o Nepal), mais uma rota de "entrada" no território chinês, sobretudo por via aérea. A região montanhosa deverá dar algum nível de cobertura radar às aeronaves americanas/indianas, nomeadamente bombardeiros. Mesmo sem incursões aéreas, com a Índia à perna, a China vê-se obrigada a combater em duas frentes.
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #232 em: Dezembro 15, 2020, 11:06:14 pm »
Só a submarina? Essa é apenas para dar conta dos PA americanos...
A China está preparada em todos os espectros do conflito, desde a arma submarina, marítima, terrestre, aérea e vai avançar e estar para a guerra espacial e no ciberespaço tal como os alemães estiveram para a Blitzkrieg.
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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #233 em: Dezembro 15, 2020, 11:34:46 pm »
Só a submarina? Essa é apenas para dar conta dos PA americanos...
A China está preparada em todos os espectros do conflito, desde a arma submarina, marítima, terrestre, aérea e vai avançar e estar para a guerra espacial e no ciberespaço tal como os alemães estiveram para a Blitzkrieg.

Tal como a Europa  :mrgreen:.

Nós até para a paz estamos mal preparados quanto mais para a guerra.
 
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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #234 em: Dezembro 16, 2020, 05:24:08 pm »
Só a submarina? Essa é apenas para dar conta dos PA americanos...
A China está preparada em todos os espectros do conflito, desde a arma submarina, marítima, terrestre, aérea e vai avançar e estar para a guerra espacial e no ciberespaço tal como os alemães estiveram para a Blitzkrieg.

Eu referia-me ao tipo de arma que faria a diferença neste conflito, sobretudo numa primeira fase. Ou seja, quem dominar a guerra submarina, tem grandes chances de ganhar.

Os porta-aviões americanos vão manter-se longe, porque as ameaças são muitas. Aliás, a necessidade de PA na região é no mínimo questionável, já que com tanta ilha e países aliados com bases aéreas colocados à volta da China, os PA parecem-me um nadinha redundantes.
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #235 em: Dezembro 16, 2020, 11:14:44 pm »
E eu continuo a dizer que não será a arma decisiva não deixando de ser uma das mais importantes. A US Navy já caça submarinos há 70 anos...

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #236 em: Dezembro 17, 2020, 08:22:40 am »
Mas uma coisa é uma guerra limitada, por exemplo pelas ilhas do mar do sul da China.

Porque se existirem ataques directos dos EUA à China ou da China directos ao Japão/Coreia do Sul, não há o perigo de uma guerra nuclear?
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #237 em: Dezembro 17, 2020, 10:40:15 am »
Mas uma coisa é uma guerra limitada, por exemplo pelas ilhas do mar do sul da China.

Porque se existirem ataques directos dos EUA à China ou da China directos ao Japão/Coreia do Sul, não há o perigo de uma guerra nuclear?

A necessidade de combater nas águas próximas da China depende da capacidade dos aliados americanos na região conseguirem deter uma invasão marítima das ilhas. Se estes mantiverem controlo das suas ilhas, bastaria aos americanos simplesmente controlar os Estreitos de Malaca e Sunda para estancar o tráfego marítimo de que a China precisa para ganhar uma potencial guerra. Por isso é que os chineses estão a criar bases no Indico e Mar Vermelho. Estão a tentar assegurar as vias marítimas de abastecimento.

https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Pentagon-sees-China-adding-military-bases-in-Pakistan-and-beyond2

No entanto, se os EUA conseguirem fechar a China na "First Island Chain" conseguem limitar o raio de acção da Marinha Chinesa. Se a isso conseguirem juntar o apoio da India e de outros países da Ásia Central, conseguem "cercar" a China. Por isso é que os americanos tentaram durante muito tempo aproximar a Rússia do Ocidente. Por isso é que em quase todas as administrações americanas ouvimos falar em "resets" com a Rússia. Porque a Rússia é determinante para limitar o poder da China.
 
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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #238 em: Dezembro 17, 2020, 01:25:55 pm »
E eu continuo a dizer que não será a arma decisiva não deixando de ser uma das mais importantes. A US Navy já caça submarinos há 70 anos...

Decisivo não, mas pode desbloquear o conflito a favor da "coligação". O foco chinês tem sido os mísseis balísticos, drones e afins, com o objectivo de negar a utilização de PA e bases aéreas em seu redor e os submarinos têm "imunidade" a estes meios. A destruição dos subs chineses, permitia que os subs americanos pudessem operar mais livremente e mais perto da China, podendo assim caçar a frota de superfície e sobretudo atacar alvos em terra de elevado valor (sist. de comunicações, radares, baterias AA, lançadores de mísseis balísticos, bases aéreas), com os Tomahawk. Isto faria com que aquelas linhas defensivas (como da foto que postei), fossem recuando gradualmente.

Mas uma coisa é uma guerra limitada, por exemplo pelas ilhas do mar do sul da China.

Porque se existirem ataques directos dos EUA à China ou da China directos ao Japão/Coreia do Sul, não há o perigo de uma guerra nuclear?

Haver "há", mas é uma guerra que não interessa a ninguém. Mas nunca se sabe.
Mas penso que seja inevitável que uma guerra pelas ilhas se torne uma guerra à larga escala imediatamente a seguir.

Por falar em ilhas, as ilhas artificiais são dadas pelos próprios chineses como "difíceis de defender".

Ali ao lado, nas Filipinas, já se falou na compra de HIMARS (ou colocação de HIMARS americanos nas suas ilhas), com capacidade de atingir ilhas artificiais chinesas. Também existe o interesse de adquirirem submarinos, mais concretamente o Scorpene. Aos poucos vai-se assistindo a uma corrida às armas na região (e de forma quase generalizada, excepto Portugal claro, por esse mundo fora).
 

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Re: A China Como Futura Ameaça?
« Responder #239 em: Dezembro 17, 2020, 02:56:23 pm »
Os submarinos chineses serão decisivos se funcionarem. A Xia passou a vida operacional encostado (um segundo pode ter sido perdido no mar, mas não existem confirmações), a Jim lá vai sendo usada (isto em termos de SSBN), mas o peso dos Kilo comprados aos russos continua a ser grande no domínio dos SSN convencionas (entre os type 35 e 39 domésticos),  o que indica que os Type 93 e 91 nucleares poderão não estar isentos de problemas. Portanto, vamos ver o que ai vem, como os type96 e 95, mas para já o filme não é grande coisa (importante também é a dispersão de forças em portos controlados pela China fora do seu território). c56x1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_092_submarine

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The submarine became operational in 1983, but faced enduring problems with reliability and radiation leakage from its onboard nuclear reactor. The submarine is also allegedly the noisiest of all U.S., Russian and Chinese ballistic missile submarines, making it very easy to detect and track



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin-class_submarine

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Background
The Type 094 was first spotted in 2006 on commercial satellite imagery of the Xiaopingdao Submarine Base. It was noted as being longer than the Type 092.[7] Two Type 094s were spotted at the Bohai Shipyard in May 2007, although it was not clear if these included the one spotted in 2006.[8]

One was operational in 2010,[2] three in 2013,[9] four in 2015,[10] and possibly six in 2020.[5]

The PRC is interested in augmenting its ICBM forces with SSBNs to enhance its comprehensive nuclear deterrent force.[11] Nuclear deterrent patrols commenced in December 2015



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_096_submarine

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The Type 096 is a projected class of ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) for China's People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The submarine is expected to begin construction in the early 2020s and be armed with the JL-3 SLBM



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Submarine_Force





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