A Marinha não está em São Tomé para "ajudar um país irmão". Está lá para garantir os interesses estratégicos nacionais, nomeadamente garantir que o petróleo da região chega a Portugal sem problemas. Ter lá o Zaire é ridiculo para a importância estratégica que a região tem para o nosso país. Deveríamos ter constantemente uma fragata em patrulha contra a pirataria.
Mas então nesse caso e havendo essa enorme importância de patrulhar a zona, as 5 fragatas que temos não chegam para o que é vital para nós.
Não sendo a minha área, mas para além dessa zona geográfica, e a Madeira? Os Açores? E a costa continental? E a nossa ZEE?
Para além de obsoletas (as 5 que temos), a quantidade de 5 (que nunca estão todas a navegar), não é curto para tanta área a patrulhar (com navios armados)? Qual deveria de ser a quantidade mínima?
(Acabando por responder aos dois posts em simultâneo...)
As fragatas não são suficientes, e obsoletas. Mas também para a região são "overkill", já que para combater pirataria, um NPO devidamente equipado, chegava perfeitamente. Devidamente equipado, é claro com arma principal, nem que seja a Marlin 30mm, e sensores adequados. Idealmente com um helicóptero orgânico, mas isso já acharia muita fruta (destacar um navio já é o que é, imagino com uma unidade aérea embarcada em permanência). Na pior das hipóteses, ter em permanência um NPO do "batch" inicial. Caso a situação realmente o exigisse, aí sim enviar uma fragata.
Já a nossa ZEE, as fragatas não são para patrulhar essa zona no sentido estrito da palavra. Essa função cabe aos NPOs, Tejo (zonas costeiras), P-3 e C-295 VIMAR. É aqui que ter UAVs a operar a partir dos NPOs (e ter NPOs suficientes), e também UAVs MALE a operar de terra, seria importante para conseguir patrulhar a ZEE. Os submarinos também dão uma boa contribuição para isto, e com custos inferiores aos de uma fragata.
De um ponto de vista mais militar, a patrulha da ZEE deveria ser feita com recurso a submarinos e meios aéreos, sendo as fragatas usadas mais para funções específicas, como escolta e defesa de pontos sensíveis. Portanto 5 fragatas é sempre o mínimo, preferencialmente 6, e o aumento mais significativo, seria nos submarinos, que deviam ser 4. A constituição das fragatas, poderia ser 3 fragatas convencionais modernas e 3 Crossover, ou 4+2 respectivamente.
https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/european-shipowners-urge-more-support-for-ships-in-the-gulf-of-guineaEuropean Shipowners Urge More Support for Ships in the Gulf of GuineaThe recent reemergence of pirate activity and attempted assaults on merchant ships in the Gulf of Guinea are raising new concerns over the continuing problems in the region off West Africa. The European Community Shipowners’ Association said that the latest incident involving a Danish frigate highlights the severity of the piracy threat and the need for yet more action by the European and global community.
The European shipowners released a statement through the association saying that they are extremely concerned about piracy attacks in the Gulf of Guinea. They highlighted the latest incident in South Nigeria, which involved a suspected pirate vessel and Danish Frigate Esbern Snare that resulted in a loss of life. They said the recent activity only serves to further highlight the severity of the piracy threat in the Gulf of Guinea.
“The situation in the Gulf of Guinea has been a top priority for the European shipping industry in the past years. The number of piracy incidents and level of violence causes great concerns for commercial shipping and for the safety and security of seafarers sailing in the area,”, said ECSA’s President Claes Berglund.
The ECSA said that it continues to fully support the EU’s activities in the Gulf of Guinea, including the Coordinated Maritime Presence (CMP) mechanism launched in January 2021. The association said the CMP is a positive step to coordinate Member States’ resources in the region, as well as to build cooperation and capacity with the coastal states, as these actions are crucial to address this complex issue.
The recent incidents however the ECSA says demonstrate that more action is required to address this serious issue. The European shipowners' community believes that the presence of naval assets is key to ensuring that vessels and their crew can transit safely in the Gulf of Guinea.
“ECSA fully appreciated the commitments already made by some EU Member States to deploy air and naval assets in the region over the past months and years. We would like to strongly encourage Member States to consider this as an issue of high priority and to allocate adequate assets to strengthen maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea,” said Berglund. “This, together with cooperation efforts and capacity building in the area, is key to safeguard trade and development in the region and globally.”
The recent incident during which suspected pirates fired upon a Danish frigate resulting in a firefight that killed four individuals and saw four others taken into custody was the most high-profile incident since the international community launched efforts to reduce the threat against merchant ships. Danish Defense today also issued an update on the incident saying that a review of video taken from the surveillance helicopter appears to show a total of nine people in the boat prior to firefight with the Danes. They said they do not know what happened to the additional person suggesting he might have fallen overboard during the indecent.
The encounter between the Danes and the suspected pirates has however not been the only recent event. At the end of October, an MSC vessel was boarded in the region and a Russian navy vessel took credit for chasing off the assailants. There have been other reports of suspicious approaches as well as incidents on shore in the oil operations.
Other countries have joined Denmark in increasing their support in the Gulf of Guinea. During the summer the U.S. sent a support vessel into the region and in the fall the British Royal Navy also sent a vessel to the region. The efforts by the international community are also in support of a new program with naval and land forces in Nigeria designed to stop piracy activity against both ships as well as resources on land.
Os dinamarqueses não acham que seja overkill...
