[JLRC]

Caros companheiros

Encontrei um site sobre as 2 experiências atómicas no Atoll de Bikini. Vou transcrever as partes mais importantes :

1 JULY 1946: "ABLE DAY"
An Army B-29 (Aircraft serial no.44-27354, nicknamed "Dave's Dream," with call sign "Skylight One") from Kwajalein dropped Able bomb on the target fleet. With a total of 14 persons on board, the aircraft took off at 0555, with a "dry run" over the target commencing at 0820. The "live run" commenced at 0850, 50 nautical miles from the target and at a bombing altitude of 29,000 ft and a true air speed of 299 mph. The bomb fell for 48.1 sec + or - 0.3 sec before detonating.
The bomb missed its target, the orange-painted battleship Nevada (BB-36), which lay in the center of the array, by 710 yards. One official report stated "it detonated 710 yd from the intended plan-view position."
Prinz Eugen's bow lay 1194 yards from the explosion at a relative bearing of 343 degrees 40 seconds, and was substantially undamaged. Only the paint had been scorched and the foremast split.

25 JULY 1946 "BAKER DAY"
The bomb was lowered into the lagoon from LSM-60 to a depth of9O feet and detonated at 0835 (Mike Hour). The underwater nuclear explosion caused heavy hydrodynamic shock and heavy radiological contamination of the surrounding water.
The underwater nuclear explosion caused a heavy hydrodynamic shock and heavy radiological contamination of the surrounding water.
Another official report related the following Test Baker details:

"Waves had a maximum trough-to-crest height of 94 ft at a range of 1000 ft (horizontal distance from Zeropoint) and 9 ft at 12,000 ft. The first wave traveled with a velocity of 45 knots. The waves represented less than one percent of the energy released in the explosion…

The crater produced in the Lagoon bottom was 25 ft deep; the net bottom amount of bottom material moved was over 2,000,000 cubic yards.

The explosion was detected at great distances (e.g., continental U.S.) by earth shock and by radioactivity in the air."10

Prinz Eugen's bow was located 1990 yds from the point of explosion, with the ship bearing 309 degrees 8 sec from the blast point. This distance was sufficient to leave the ship relatively undamaged. By contrast, Arkansas (BB33), only 259 yds from the detonation, sank within a few seconds after "Mike Hour," while still obscured by spray and steam. She was crushed as if by a tremendous hammer blow from below."
The report of the Technical Director for the tests reported that Prinz Eugen suffered "negligible or no damage related to military efficiency".
On 21 December 1946, defective sea valves caused flooding in the stern section. To prevent Prinz Eugen from sinking in the southern entrance and thus blocking Kwajalein lagoon, the Atoll Commander tried to tow her downwind to Enubuj Island, in order to beach her. Successful damage control was out of the question as the only salvage vessel, Conserver (ARS-30), had departed Kwajalein to aid a ship in distress some distance away. During the night the starboard list increased to over 35 degrees and, driven by the northerly wind, Prinz Eugen ran onto Enubuj reef and capsized. In the end she was the first relatively undamaged ship of the Bikini target fleet to succumb to underwater shock damage.
The wreck lay at an angle of 156 degrees from the vertical in an average depth of 65 feet about 200 yards off Enubuj Island, and made an angle of 40 degrees with the beach. Much of her bottom, the stern, rudder and the port and the center screws were exposed, and water depth to the edge of the upper deck at the bow was 110 ft. As she lay the cruiser presented a tempting sight to the Marshall islanders on Ebeye and Enubuj who were keen to salvage some or all of the wreck for its scrap value.

PART OF PRINZ EUGEN RETURNS TO GERMANY AS A MEMORIAL AFTER 33 YEARS
In 1973 the first moves were made by former crew members to seek permission for the removal of one of the screws as a memorial to the ship, and the German Navy League placed an official request with the US Navy's Chief of Operations the following year. Many high level negotiations followed until divers from Harbor Clearance Unit One were instructed to remove the port screw in 1978. After cutting the shaft and the supporting stays, the 12-ton-propeller was taken ashore by landing craft and then shipped to Long Beach. Finally, the Hapag-Lloyd container ship Rhein Express took the screw to Bremerhaven.

After the 12,000 mile journey home the propeller was cleaned and erected on a specially constructed stand beside the German Naval Memorial at Laboe and unveiled to the public on November 24, 1979.



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JLRC

[JLRC]

Caros companheiros

Como certamente repararam, no meu primeiro post escrevi algumas "inverdades". É o resultado de escrever de cabeça. Do facto peço desculpa e o último texto serve para repor a verdade acerca dos acontecimentos que antecederam o afundamento do Prinz Eugen.
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JLRC

[P44]

Uma pequeno pormenor, pelo que sei o navio foi afundado pelos próprios alemães, depois de fatalmente danificado, salvou-se a honra deste  

Caro Komet, penso que estará a fazer confusão com o Admiral Graf Spee, esse sim, afundado pela própria tripulação ao largo de Montevidéu, logo no inicio da WWII (até existe um filme sobre a história da perseguição ao Graf Spee- "A Batalha do Rio da Prata", se não me falha a memória)

Cumprimentos

[JLRC]

Uma pequeno pormenor, pelo que sei o navio foi afundado pelos próprios alemães, depois de fatalmente danificado, salvou-se a honra deste  

Caro Komet, penso que estará a fazer confusão com o Admiral Graf Spee, esse sim, afundado pela própria tripulação ao largo de Montevidéu, logo no inicio da WWII (até existe um filme sobre a história da perseguição ao Graf Spee- "A Batalha do Rio da Prata", se não me falha a memória)

Cumprimentos

Consta que os alemães, abriram as válvulas do fundo do Bismarck porque o navio nunca mais afundava  e tinham medo que os ingleses o rebocassem, como troféu, para a Grã-Bretanha.
Cumpts
JLRC

[JLRC]

Para os amantes de porta-aviões aqui vai um

Kaga

Porta-aviões japonês. Fez parte da 1ª Frota Combinada, participou na guerra sino-japonesa, no ataque a Pearl Harbor, no raid ao Oceno Índico durante o qual foi afundado o porta-aviões HMS Hermes e na batalha de Midway, em 1942, durante a qual foi afundado.



Built by Kawasaki. Laid down 19 July 1920, launched 17 Nov 1921, cancelled 1922. Laid up pending scrapping but converted to carrier to replace wrecked Amagi. Conversion started 1923, commissioned 21 March 1928 but was not immediately operational.
Reconstructed at Sasebo Navy Yard 1934-1935.
Specifications following reconstruction
Displacement: 42,541 tons full load
Dimensions: 788.5 x 106.5 x 31 feet/240.3 x 32.5 x 9.5 meters
Extreme Dimensions: 812.5 x 106.5 x 31 feet/247.6 x 32.5 x 9.5 meters
Propulsion: Steam turbines, 8 boilers, 4 shafts, 127,400 shp, 28.34 knots
Crew: 2016
Armor: 11 inch belt
Armament: 10 single 8/50 SP, 8 dual 5/40 DP, 22 25 mm AA
Aircraft: 81 (90 maximum)
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JLRC

[JNSA]

Um navio de que sempre gostei (porque foi o primeiro modelo de navio que fiz... ) foi o Tirpitz, "irmão" do Bismark... Infelizmente (ou se calhar felizmente...) nunca entrou em combate com navios Aliados...

Tirpitz (Battleship, 1941-1944)
Tirpitz, a 44,755-ton Bismarck class battleship, was built at Wilhelmshaven, Germany. Commissioned in February 1941, she operated in the Baltic during her first several months of service, conducting trials and training, as well as combat missions in connection with the invasion of the Soviet Union.

In January 1942, Tirpitz steamed to Norwegian waters, where she remained for the remainder of her career. Initially based at Trondheim, and later in fjords further north, she was a constant threat to supply lines between the Western Allies and the Soviets. Though Tirpitz never actually came into contact with Allied shipping, and only fired her guns at enemy targets during a September 1943 raid on shore facilities at Spitzbergen, her great power caused the U.S. and British navies to divert scarce resources to counter her and generated intense efforts to put her out of action.

In late September 1943, a British midget submarine raid planted explosives near Tirpitz, causing serious shock damage when they exploded. In February 1944, while she was under repair, the German battleship was the target of a raid by Soviet bombers that produced one near-miss. In early April, as her repairs were completing, Tirpitz was attacked by British carrier-based planes, receiving several hits and serious damage and casualties. Further repairs lasted until June, and she was again attacked by British planes in July and August, though the resulting damage was not serious. In mid-September, she was hit in the bow by very heavy bombs dropped by Royal Air Force heavy bombers. Moved to Tromsø in October, she was the target of further raids. Finally, on 12 November, Tirpitz was hit and near-missed by several very heavy bombs, causing massive damage. She listed heavily, suffered an ammunition explosion and rolled over. Her wreck was largely scrapped in place after the war.

fonte:http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-fornv/germany/gersh-t/tirpitz.htm

[komet]

She's a beauty, JNSA  

Já agora perdoem-me a minha ignorância, qual a razão dos padrões de pintura que se costumam ver nos navios desta época? É para criar algum tipo de ilusão óptica à distância?

[JNSA]

She's a beauty, JNSA  

[JLRC]

Então e o que me dizem deste porta-aviões italiano, o Aquila?




Características principais:
D : 28.500 t máx. - V : 30 - Dim : 231,49 x 29,43 x 7
Aviação : 53 aviões Reggiane Re 2001 - Trip : 1.000/1.300 h.
Ex-paquete Roma transformado em porta-aviões. Nunca chegou a ser concluído.

[komet]

Os meus colegas não arranjam fotos do Marat? Agradecia imenso  

[papatango]

É o mesmo navio. O Petropavlovsk é o Marat

Cumprimentos

[komet]

Não foi o Marat que, semi-afundado, ainda era usado como plataforma de artilharia pesada?

[Spectral]

Parece que sim:

History: Built as "Petropavlovsk". Belonged to Baltic Fleet.
Since 31.03.1921 as "Marat". On 23.09.1941 was hit by two 1000 kg bombs. Prow and one oa main artillery battery was destroyed and ship sunk.

Later used as floating battery (9x305 mm guns). Since 31.05.1943 as "Petropavlovsk". Since 28.11.1950 as "Volkhov".
 

provavelmente em Leninegrado.

http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5626.html[/quote]

[JLRC]

SCHARNHORST

Foi um de dois cruzadores de batalha construídos para a Kriegsmarine. O seu irmão gémeo foi o Gneisenau.
Entrou ao serviço em 07-01-39. Reconstruído entre Junho-Agosto de 1939, durante a qual foi-lhe colocada uma nova proa (Atlantic bow). Participou em diversas operações durante a 2ª Guerra, durante as quais, na companhia do Gneisenau, afundou em 08-06-40, o porta-aviões britânico Glorious e os destroyers Acasta e Ardent. Foi afundado na noite de 26-12-43, depois de uma batalha contra forças superiores britânicas. Só se salvaram 36 tripulantes de um total de 1.968 homens.







Características :
Displacement: standard 32,060 mt, full load 38,430 mt.

Dimensions: overall length 231 m, beam 30 m, maximum draft 9.9 m.

Armour: main belt 350 mm, turrets 100-340 mm, upper deck 50 mm, armour deck 80-110 mm, conning tower 200-350 mm, torpedo bulkhead 45 mm.

Armament: 9 x 28cm/L54.5, 12 x 15cm/L55, 14 x 10.5cm/L65, 16 x 3.7cm/L83, 14 x 2cm (38 from 1942 on), 6 x 53.3cm torpedoes (from 1942 on).

Aircraft: 3 x Arado ar 196.

Propulsion plant: 12 boilers, three Brown-Boveri turbine sets, 160,060 hp (maximum obtained).

Speed: 32 knots.

Endurance: 7,100 nm at 19 knots.

Fuel capacity: 6,108 mt.

Crew: 1,968.

26 December 1943: At 0834 is detected by the heavy cruiser Norfolk from a distance of 30,000 meters (32,800 yards). Shortly afterwards the light cruisers Belfast and Sheffield of "Force I" (Vice-Admiral Burnett) also obtain contact. At 0924, the Belfast opens fire on Scharnhorst from 11,900 meters (13,000 yards), and is followed by Norfolk at 0930. Scharnhorst replies with her after turret but obtains no hits. Scharnhorst is hit by two 20.3cm projectiles from Norfolk. One shell strikes the battery deck but fails to explode. The other hits the foretop and disables the radar apparatus (FuMo 27). Scharnhorst turns away southeast at 30 knots and then north again. Shortly after 1200, Scharnhorst runs once again into the cruisers of "Force I", and opens fire at about 1230 with her main and secondary batteries. In this second engagement, the Norfolk is hit twice by 28cm shells. Turret "X" is put out of action after a hit in the barbette, while another shell disables the radars and kills seven men. The Sheffield is hit by splinters. At 1241, Scharnhorst turns away south and ceases fire. At 1617, the battleship Duke of York of Force II (Admiral Fraser) obtains radar contact with Scharnhorst from 42,500 meters (46,480 yards), and after closing the range to 10,900 meters (11,920 yards) opens fire at 1648. Almost immediately the Scharnhorst is hit by a 35.6cm projectile in turret "Anton" which is put out of action. Another shell from Duke of York demolishes the hangar. At 1657, Belfast and Norfolk open fire. Scharnhorst is repeatedly hit but manages to increase the distance with "force II" to 19,600 meters (21,435 yards). At 1820, a 35.6cm projectile passes through Scharnhorst's upper belt and reaches the No.1 Boiler room (section IX) that becomes a total loss. The speed drops to 22 knots. At 1850, the destroyers of "Force II" close on and obtain one torpedo hit on Scharnhorst's starboard side and three more on the port side. Speed drops to 20 knots. Duke of York and Jamaica open fire again at 1901 from 9,600 meters (10,500 yards) obtaining numerous hits. Scharhorst still fires back with turrets "Bruno" and "Cäsar" but obtains no hits. At 1912, the cruisers of "force I" open fire. Thereafter cruisers Jamaica and Belfast launch all their torpedoes, and destroyers Musketeer, Opportune and Virago 19 more. The Scharnhorst finally capsizes and sinks at 1945. 36 survivors.